Global Village of Marshall Mc LuAnn, Information Era and Network Society of Manuel Castells, The Third Wave of Alvin Toffler, Compression Time and Place of David Harvey, Post-Industrial Society of Daniel Bell are part of the theories, interpretations and terms has been used to explain this informational modern civilization. Cities have a special position inside such civilization and it should be concordant and congruous with its requirements of information era, he emphasized. Smart City which it is mentioned with more or less synonymous titles, such as; Electronic City, Digital City, Virtual City, Informational City and Online city, are attempts  to such conformity.

For many people of 20th century, the idea that a city could be smart and in such city technology particularly information technology and communication can be used to improve urban life quality was like a fiction, but the sudden revolution in communication and information technologies changed into this view that cities could also be smart. Specially in the recent years this issue was considered in the focus of urban subjects. Its reasons could be development and spread of technologies like cell phone and internet in the world, extension of urbanization and also awareness of environmental issues among citizens.

Smart city is an ambiguous and complex matter, since it includes a wide range of concepts from urban physical capital to intellectual and social capital. Even though, no convincing and comprehensive definition of Smart City has been presented until today, it can be said that the concept of Smart City during the previous century as a combination of ideas was used to explain how information and communication technologies can help to improve the urban functions. Smart cities are known as a collection of instruments and devices in various criteria which they facilitate the information, people, material and energy flow, so that they integrate the information and present them to service special goals to improve efficiency of sustainability and life quality in the cities.

Today, there is almost a public consensus among urban managers, local governments, companies and organizations to use superior technology for confronting increasing problems of the cities and making a better life for the citizens. From London, Boston, Hong Kong, Barcelona, Amsterdam to Sao Paulo and Seoul, there is a citizen demand and public request that urban area to be designed improving their life quality.

Smart city has six dimensions of smart economy, dynamism, environment, governance, people and life which each of these dimensions have important features and qualities. For example, smart economy refers to the cities with smart industries, particularly the industries which they are active in information and communication technology (ICT) field, and also other industries which there is ICT in the process of their production. Smart economy includes using intrusion in business, financial promotion, absorbing and keeping talent and creativity advancement, supporting entrepreneurship, infrastructures of support of business such as science and technology parks, city internationalization and etc.

Today, many important cities in the world such as Seoul, New York, Tokyo, Shanghai, Singapore, Amsterdam, Cairo and Dubai has started working on project of smart cities by helping multi-national companies like Cisco, ABB, HP, Siemens, Ericson and etc. They follow research and survey on smart city projects to solve urban problems by utilizing accomplished researches by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

In 2013, 143 smart city projects were under construction or in progress which they were 35 cases in North America, 11 cases in South America, 47 cases in the Europe, 40 cases in the Asia and 10 cases in the Middle East and Africa.

Based on these interpretations, it seems that smart city issue will be the topic of urban discussions in the following of 21st century. Different countries according to their economic, social, cultural and political situation will develop and implement ambitious plans to achieve smart cities and through creating them based on modern technologies take an important step parallel with sustainable development.

Sources:

- Hwang Jong-Sung (2013), Smart Cities Seoul: a case study, ITU-T Technology Watch Report

-Hoon Lee Jung-, Marguerite Gong Hancock (2012) toward a framework for Smart Cities: A Comparison of Seoul, San Francisco & Amsterdam

-Exhibitions India Group (2015) Smart cities India. Smarter Solutions for a Better Tomorrow

- Falconer Gordon, Shane Mitchell (2012) Smart City Framework a Systematic Process for Enabling Smart Connected Communities

-KumarT.M. Vinod(2014) E-Governance for Smart Cities, Advances in 21st Century Human Settlements

- Dameri Renata Paola (2014) Smart City, How to Create Public and Economic Value with High Technology in Urban Space