United Nations Climate Change Conference is being conducted with the participation of all countries of the world from November 30 to December 11 in Paris. Iran has participated in the conference.

Climate change is evident currently. According to reports, the average global temperature at a rate of 76/0 ° C, is growing compared to pre-industrial era and sea water rises 17 cm compared the nineteenth century. In addition to the changes that have occurred in the global average, rare climatic events have increased such as droughts, floods, storms, heat waves and other climatic events. This, in turn, affected problems such as reduce in food production, reduce in access to potable water, ocean acidification and other problems caused by the global economy.

Climate change threatens all countries, but developing countries are more vulnerable against this. Developing countries, 75 percent of the losses and damages caused by climate change suffer, so that 2 degrees warmer air, reducing the lead to 4 to 5 percent of GDP in Africa and South Asia.

Basically, climate change is created due to greenhouse gas emissions. In 1997, the Kyoto Protocol introduced greenhouse gases including carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, Hydro Fluor Carbon, per fluorocarbons and sulfur hexafluoride created by human activities. The major producers of greenhouse gases are the energy sector (26%), industry (19%) and land use changes through deforestation and burning of forests (17 percent).

The reality is that economic growth is not able to cope with climate change, and if this growth is coupled with the acceleration of climate change, its impact will be less. So it seems that we need smart climate policy to increase development and at the same time, reduce vulnerability and the transition to low-carbon growth and development possible. It is important now that the whole world needs an energy revolution can be called as one of the main producers of greenhouse gas emissions related to the energy sector.

But climate change will affect urban life more than anything else. The world is being urbanized rapidly and the majority of the world population will experience climate change. Climate change will exacerbate challenges of cities. . These challenges mainly affect urban poor groups, who live in the path of floods and landslides and subsidence-prone places.

Cities confront many problems spontaneously. The problem of climate change increases their problems. Cities are obliged to be hosted by 3 million residents. Cities are considered as the destructive of environment and overload of ecological nature, but they can be regarded as an efficient environmental model because the cost of presenting services reduces, innovation promotes, and welfare becomes possible via economic development by increasing density and better management. Therefore, cities are the best options for improving the quality of life since they are the place of economic production. Economically, 50 largest cities in the world have more than 9.6 trillion dollars of GDP and the most part of this share belong to China. Although cities are vulnerable against climate change, they have unique conditions. Thus, they should address planning and policy-making in the field of climate change.

Source: Tasnim News Agency

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