Mehr News Agency: Annually, millions of the people move in different geographical area and they change their living places. Immigration and movement are still an attractive and yet challenging issue. According to the policies of the world’s population, 80 percent of 185 countries put decline process of immigration from rural to urban areas on their agenda in 2012 while this figure was 38 percent in 1996. It shows that the immigration process of village to city has had a concerning increase and high share of urbanization growth in the world and particularly in developing countries related to rural-urban migration.

At first glance, growth and urbanization, is not a negative phenomenon as in most cases, urbanization is linked to economic growth and most countries that have achieved good economic growth and development has had the majority of urban population. Urbanization also increases the share of industry and services in GDP than agriculture and employment, but this is only one side occurring mostly in developed countries.

The reality is that the current process of urbanization in developing countries has fundamental differences despite many similarities with the urbanization in the developed countries in the nineteenth century. One difference is that the current trend of growth of these countries is faster than developed countries. Urbanization in Europe from 15% in 1800 hit 40 percent in 1910 as a result of the industrial revolution and other subsequent developments while countries in Asia and Africa in 1950, mainly low-income communities and urbanization rate, were about 15 percent they have experienced 40 percent urbanization level in 2010.

Another major difference in the process of urbanization in the developed and developing world is the income growth. In 1960, 35 countries had the per capita income of less than $ 2 a day, the average urbanization was 15% and in 2010, 354 countries with the same income, the urbanization rate were 30%. This means that urbanization is growing, but revenue remained stable.

Today, big cities are seen in developing countries. Mumbai, Lagos and Jakarta, have population roughly as many as New York, Paris and London residents have, but their income level is very low. Dhaka, Kinshasa and Manila, are big cities that located in extremely poor countries.

It seems that in addition to the natural growth of the urban population, the share of rural-urban migration is very high in these cities. Rapid growth of many cities in the developing world is the product of an economic calculation so that rural repulsion and urban attractions result in the migration of villagers who do not have access to main infrastructures for life and increase urban poor people who live in outskirts and in improper and unstable houses. . Needless to say, rural migrants are not homogeneous group and necessarily all immigrants are not poor but most of the urban poor people are rural migrants.

While migration from villages to cities shows decreasing process, the statistics are too high in our country. In the ten years between the two censuses in 1996 and 2006 we have seen more than two million rural-urban migrations. This figure includes about 16.5 percent of the total immigration and in 5 years from 2006 to 2011 this figure has reached 750 thousand people which are equivalent to 13.4% of the country’s migration. What remains hidden in these statistics is the migration from small towns to big cities. If migration from small towns, some of which are functionally similar to village and they have economy dependent on the agriculture, to be added to the above numbers, the situation will be different. Therefore it seems that the way to fight urban poverty, which it is obvious in slum dwellers, is to find the solution in the villages.